First edition. McGuire, Thomas J. Battle of Paoli. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, Philadelphia Area Revolutionary War Sites. It is located next to the current day Philadephia International Airport on a plot of land once called Mud Island.
The fort was in use until the 20th century. General George Washington sent militia and a light infantry unit under the command of Brig. A fierce, day-long battle occured on the banks of the Christiana River in Delaware.
Casualties are uncertain with each side claiming to have inflicted perhaps killed and wounded on the other side, while sustaining minimal losses to their units. British General William Howe executed a sweeping left flanking march which crossed an unguarded river ford above Chadds Ford and attacked the unguarded Patriot left flank.
After a hotly contested battle, the Americans were forced to withdrawl towards the town of Chester. Today, while several sections of the battlefield are preserved, houses and other development dot the battle scape. A visitor center provides driving maps that guide visitors to key locations on the battlefield. One of the iconic images of the Revolution was inspired by the Brandywine Battle. It will host an Independence Day celebration on July 4 from 12 to 4 p.
George Washington and his Continental Army camped out here from to braving the winter cold. Much of the original structures remain, though there are some are recreations. On July 4 from 11 a. Here's where some of our country's founding fathers and American Revolutionary heroes now lie, in a 1,plot cemetery by Christ Church. You'll find Benjamin Franklin's tomb, and walk along the same streets as Betsy Ross and Revolution-era folks did.
Built way back in , this was the home of John Wister, a Philadelphia merchant and wine importer. But during the Battle of Germantown, it was occupied by the British army's General James Agnew, who was ultimately shot and killed at this very site. His blood stains remain. Stop by the smallest national park in the country, the Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial at 3rd and Pine. While the print shop no longer exists, there's a historical marker here that marks the site where the Thomas Paine's infamous Common Sense pamphlet was printed.
Common Sense was written in and advocated for the colonies' independence from Great Britain. A visit to this spot during July 4 goes without saying. It's the site of the Declaration of Independence and the U. Constitution signing, and it's going to host a long list of events throughout the weekend, from a Historic Block Party to a Philly Pops' concert to the Independence Day parade.
This gorgeous Georgian property was the home of Samuel Powel, the last Philly mayor under British rule and the first after Independence.
He and his wife Elizabeth were considered a power couple during the Revolution era and were close friends of George and Martha Washington. During the war, British soldiers occupied the home.
No, this brand-new museum doesn't date back to the American Revolution, but the thousands of artifacts housed here do. The Robert A. Everyday there will be a Declaration of Independence signing, a birthday celebration with cake on July 2 at 1 p. When it comes to the war of the American Revolution, most folks learn about the April 19 shot heard around the world at Lexington, or George Washington and his crew crossing the Delaware River.
But the Battle of Brandywine was, in fact, that largest fought in terms of combatants on September 11, It's open on the Fourth of July. Washington orders his men to build additional campfires, making his army appear larger in the dark of night. The British halt, fooled by the ruse, and wait until daybreak, affording him precious time. Skirmishes ensue during the day. Still searching for a weak spot in the American line, British General Howe decides to flank the left side at Edge Hill on December 7, a tactic he had used at Brandywine that almost annihilated the Continental Army.
Americans engage the British with "guerrilla" tactics in the dense woods of Edge Hill, but are driven back. Just as the position is about to be overrun by another wave of British troops, American cavalry and the 2nd Continental Regiment arrive, driving the British away. Washington's line holds. Howe can find no weakness in the American line. To Washington's surprise, the British begin to withdraw back to the comfort of Philadelphia.
A small contingent of American troops gives chase, harassing them as they march on Old York Road. The British arrive in Philadelphia later that day. The Battle of White Marsh is over, but winter is coming The weather is growing colder and Washington needs to find a winter encampment site. He decides on somewhere west of the Schuylkill River.
The army begins crossing near present-day Conshohocken on December 11, however, American militia, sent in advance to cover the crossing, run into a British foraging expedition at Bryn Mawr, near Harriton House. The militia flees, discarding their weapons in panic. The American cross back over the river and destroy the bridge. They march west towards Swede's Ford, or as it is now known, Norristown. Washington, convinced that the area is vulnerable to attack, moves the army farther west.
They now encamp at Gulph Mills. A severe snow storm batters the soldiers, many of whom are without a tent or blanket. Washington's personal assistant, Timothy Pickering, writes "The great difficulty is to fix a proper station for winter quarters. Nothing else prevents our going into them Washington issues general orders. To their distresses humanity forbids us to add. This is not all, it should leave a vast extent of fertile country to be despoiled and ravaged by the enemy, from which they would draw vast supplies, and where many of our firm friends would be exposed to all the miseries of the most insulting and wanton depredation These cogent reasons have determined the General to take post in the neighbourhood of this camp".
On December 18, the soldiers are poised to move to winter quarters, but they do not march yet. Congress declares the first national day of thanksgiving in light of the pivotal American victory at Saratoga in October. The soldiers receive a small portion of beef. Some haven't eaten in days. They do not know yet that France formalized a military and trade agreement with the colonies yesterday. All that they know is that tomorrow, they march west and prepare to endure the bitter winter with little food, supplies or hope.
Reeling from crushing losses and a relentless bombardment by the British, Washington's army limps into the quiet village of Valley Forge on December Many had no boots or shoes, and their feet were bound in rags to protect against the icy, frozen roads.
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